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The Santa Barbara Mission was the tenth of the California Missions to be founded by the Spanish Franciscans. It was established on the Feast of St. Barbara, December 4, 1786
Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, the land from Malibu to San Luis Obispo was inhabited by the Chumash Indians. They were hunters and gatherers oriented to the sea. They built plank boats (tomols) which were capable of traveling to the Channel Islands. Chumash villages were autonomous, headed by a hereditary leader. Houses were semi-oval huts built of tule. Basketry was a major art form as were stone bowls and tools. Houses were dome shaped with tules covering a willow frame.
The Franciscans taught the Indians agriculture. The principal products of the field were wheat, barley, corn, beans and peas. Orange and olive trees were planted and vines were cultivated. An Indian dam was built in 1807 to bring water to the mission via an aqueduct. Mission Santa Barbara had cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, mules and horses in great number. In 1809 there were 5,200 head of cattle and in 1803 11,221 head of sheep.
When the Mission period was over, the buildings were used for a number of purposes. From 1868 until 1877 the Franciscans conducted a high school and junior college.
2201 Laguna St
Santa Barbara, California 93105